Ray optics and optical instruments class 12 notes pdf download. The actual developer of the free program is hawke sport optics llc. This x ray instrument hosts investigations of plasmas and highpressure phase transitions. An opensource web application to simulate reflection and refraction of light. Hawke x act ballistic reticle calculator how to guide. X act is a free ballistic calculator designed by hawke optics to help you get the most out of your riflescope. Various experimental studies and applications are presented and the author also addresses the development of instrumentation, such as highresolution x ray monochromators, analyzers, wavelength meters, resonators, and. Predesigner includes sliders and a toucheditable ray diagram and lens nomogram, which is great when trying to visualise key optical parameters and their interactions. Lawrence berkeley national laboratory introduction. It deals with focusing and other ways of manipulating the xray beams for. Precision optical coatings for soft x ray and euv applications. The angle of incidence is always equal to angle of reflection. A tool for medical physicists to calculate x ray attenuation for shielding. The xray optics calculator is an interactive system based on web technologies and a database of interaction of xray radiation with the condensed matter.
Refractive x ray optics, berlin, beuth verlag, 2007 we use cookies on our website. The center for xray optics xray interactions with matter calculator. Nonexhaustive overview some general x ray optics foundation for x ray focusing primarily hard x ray optics. This pc software works fine with 32bit versions of windows xp.
Xray properties of elements electron binding energies xray energy emission energies fluorescence yields for k and l shells principal auger electron energies. The center for x ray optics is a multidisciplined research group within lawrence berkeley national laboratorys materials sciences division. Pedrotti cord waco, texas optics is the cornerstone of photonics systems and applications. In the module to follow, you will learn about the otherphysical wave optics. Fixed a bug in the spherical lens model that failed to detect a small subset of ray surface intersections, changed how minimum lens thickness is computed to prevent an optical problem, updated the help file content.
The optics drawing software includes some predefined shapes such as convex lens, spherical surface, mirror, body, ray, bulb, light source and glass. We create and operate advanced experimental systems to address national needs, support research in material, life, and environmental science, and extend the forefront of. Formulas have been derived for calculating the modulation transfer function of x ray intensifying screens. Understanding how light rays can be manipulated allows us to create better contact lenses, fiber optic cables, and high powered telescopes. Ir optics, visible optics, xray optical design, xray spectra optics diffraction. We want to make this tool even more capable and useful to you so. The magnification is either blue or red, depending on whether it is below or above the likely maximum magnification of the telescope.
Predesigner includes sliders and a toucheditable ray diagram and lens. Prefocusing was implemented at the lcls matter under extreme conditions mec instrument nagler et al. Multilayers have been used as both analyzers and beamconditioning optics. Other important optics topics include interference, polarization, and fiber optics. Real part of decrement of refraction index imaginary part of decrement of refraction index. Use this tool in amcap video capturing app to test the cameras usb feed.
All the distance measurements are done from pole of the. Rays emerge from a single point, with number controlled by the ray density slider. A mirror whose shape is part of a circle, which is defined by. Some of them are essential for the operation of the site, while others help us to improve this site and the user experience tracking cookies. For that project, the gradation in multilayer period must be. Download this tool to access and change your cameras ip address updated tool windows v2. Introduction to x ray optics for sr introduction general x ray optics high heatload optics x ray micronanofocusing reflectors zone plates refractive lenses summary scope. With this tool you can plot your trajectory and find suitable aimpoints on your riflescopes reticle. Typical cases are mirrors, multilayers and crystals. It also offers precise calculations for specific design tasks. For selected cases, the mtfs of transparent screens are calculated by direct integration. Light waves can be bent and reflected to form new and sometimes altered images. Radiance radiance is a free, highly accurate ray tracing software system for unix computers.
All applications require the calculation of the index of refraction and the attenuation coefficient of the materials in use. The most frequent installer filename for the program is. Xos is the leading global manufacturer of capillary optics including focusing optics and collimating optics and doubly curved crystal optics which enhance the performance of x ray and neutron analytical instrumentation, including x ray fluorescence, x ray and neutron diffraction, and electron beam systems. In this unit, lets learn about reflection, refraction, defects in the human eye and the lenses we use to correct them, and optical instruments such as the microscope and. Calculation of modulation transfer functions of xray. New cartesian sign convention for spherical mirrors. Linear attenuation coefficient compton scattering part. Qioptiq predesigner lens calculator is an elegant optical design app for android. Compound refractive lenses as prefocusing optics for xray.
The center for xray optics at lawrence berkeley national laboratory works to further science and technology using short wavelength optical systems and techniques. Reflection and refraction are two processes that change the direction light travels. A parallel beam of rays emerges from a linesegment, with density controlled by the ray density slider. Ray optics is a complete simulator and solver for geometrical optics. The center for x ray optics xray interactions with matter calculator. Use this tool to recalibrate the focus of your 12x or 20x ptzoptics camera. Using your data concerning the optics as well as the distance from the measuring object, measuring field dimensions, pixel size ifov and 3 x 3 pixels mfov are determined, thus enabling you to position your optris pi xi thermal imaging camera.
Corrections will be posted on the web and incorporated in subsequent printings. Lots of new capabilities in imd especially, including aperiodic multilayers, layerthickness optimization, genetic algorithms for fitting and optimization, and new tools for analysis and visualization of imd simulations and measured data sets. Xray optics is the branch of optics that manipulates xrays instead of visible light. Hawke xact ballistic reticle calculator how to guide. Xray optics calculator a webbased application for x. X ray optics calculator a webbased application for xray scientists the x ray optics calculator is an interactive system based on web technologies and a database of interaction of x ray radiation with the condensed matter. Emphasis has been placed on simplified models where results can be obtained in closed form and a physical understanding more easily realized. It can be used to display characteristic information of elements and compounds x ray edges, density, linear mass attenuation graph for a monoenergetic narrow x ray beam and to calculate the. The incident ray, normal and reflected ray all lie in the same plane. It is mainly used for patients undergoing x ray examinations such as radiography, mammography, dental panoramic and ct but can be used for any kind of radiations. In this module, you will learn about one of the two main divisions of basic optics geometrical ray optics. This book describes the theoretical foundations and principles of x ray crystal optics with high spectral resolution.
The optics calculator allows for a precise determination of the object surface size in question. Three phenomena reflection, refraction, and diffraction help you predict where a ray or rays of light will go. Its been a very long time coming, i know, but new versions of imd and topo are finally here. Filter transmission cxro xray interactions with matter. Optics drawing software, free examples and templates download. The x ray beam dimensions can thus be matched to the aperture of the focusing optics in the x ray instrument and the transmission increased. Scope calculator scope calculator 2 is a tool for making comparisons between eyepieces when used with a given telescope, returning information such as magnification, true field of view, and exit pupil. Linear attenuation coefficient rayleigh scattering part. The database of interaction of x ray radiation with the. Multilayer films are a vital component of many euv and soft x ray optical systems. The tool uses the nist tables of x ray mass attenuation coefficients. Raven transmission and gain of singly and doubly focusing refractive x ray lenses, journal of applied physics, v. Genx genx is a scientific program to refine x ray refelcetivity, neutron reflectivity and surface x ray d.
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